DRAFT - WG1 document wg1n1807.txt Network Working Group R. Clark Request for Comments: Elysium Ltd Category: Standards Track M. Boliek Ricoh Silicon Valley Inc D. Lee Hewlett-Packard Co June 2000 JPEG2000 - image/jp2 MIME Sub-type Registration Status of this Memo This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited. Copyright Notice Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2000). All Rights Reserved. Overview This document describes the registration of the MIME sub-type image/jp2 to be used for JPEG2000 files. The image encoding is defined by [ISO-JPEG2000-1], and the file format in Annex I of this document. JPEG This document is a product of the joint ISO/IEC 'Joint Photographic Experts Group' committee, ISO/IEC JTC1 SC29/WG1, popularly known as JPEG. All comments on this document should be forwarded to the email distribution list at . 1. Abstract This document describes the registration of the MIME sub-type image/jp2. The image encoding is defined by [ISO-JPEG2000-1], and the file format to which this document refers is defined in Annex I of [ISO-JPEG2000-1]. Note that a file format is optional in [ISO-JPEG2000-1], but mandatory for the MIME sub-type. This document is not related to the definition of of the MIME sub-type image/jpeg which is partly defined by [ISO-JPEG-1] and partly by the file format specification defined in [JFIF]. JPEG 2000 is a new standard, intended to create a image coding system intended for many types of still images (bi-level,gray-level, color, multi-component) with different characteristics (natural images, scientific, medical, remote sensing,imagery, text, rendered graphics, etc.) allowing different imaging models (client/server, real-time transmission, image library archival, limited buffer and bandwidth resources, etc.) within a unified system. This coding system is intended to provide low bit-rate operation with rate-distortion and subjective image quality performance superior to existing standards, without sacrificing performance at other points in the rate-distortion spectrum. This standard is intended to serve still image compression needs that are currently not served by the current JPEG standards [ISO-JPEG-1], [ISO-JPEG-2], [ISO-JPEG-3], and [ISO-JPEG-4], and is intended to compliment, not replace, the current JPEG standards. 2. JPEG 2000 Definition JPEG 2000 is defined in detail in [ISO-JPEG2000-1]. The documentation can be obtained from any national standards body or from ISO at http://www.iso.ch, on publication. At the date of this RFC the document was at the stage of 'Final Committee Draft' and was expected to be submitted in agreed form as IS 15444-1 in late 2000. Information as to its latest status, and downloads of the initial drafts and some supporting documentation are available through the JPEG committee's official Web site at http://www.jpeg.org. In accordance with current ISO policy documents from the Draft International Standard stage onwards are only available for purchase as noted above. Should this position change, the JPEG committee affirms its intent to make such documentation as freely available as it is able to via its Web site. While a brief scope and feature description is provided in this section as background information, the reader is directed to the original JPEG 2000 specification [ISO-JPEG2000-1] to obtain complete feature and technical details. 2.1 JPEG 2000 Scope JPEG 2000 is used to compress image data that typically comes from digital cameras, scanners, frame grabbers, complex image capture devices such as medical or satellite systems, and paint- and photo- retouching programs. Unlike previous JPEG standards, it includes information necessary to allow its use as a complete coding architecture. [ISO-JPEG2000-1] defines a set of lossless (bit-preserving) and lossy compression methods for coding continuous-tone, bi-level, grey-scale, or colour digital still images. It therefore: — specifies decoding processes for converting compressed image data to reconstructed image data — specifies a codestream syntax containing information for interpreting the compressed image data — specifies a file format — provides guidance on encoding processes for converting source image data to compressed image data — provides guidance on how to implement these processes in practice [ISO-JPEG2000-1] is one of a series of standards which will cover the full range of facilities the new architecture is intended to offer. Approval has been given for JPEG to develop the following documents in addition to [ISO-JPEG2000-1]. - Part 2 - Coding extensions. This will include a more comprehensive file format and other extensions to the definitions in [ISO-JPEG2000-1] - Part 3 - Motion JPEG 2000. This provides definitions of how the standard may be extended for use in recording time series of JPEG 2000 images with associated metadata such as audio objects - Part 4 - Conformance. This deals with testing of equipment and systems claimed to conform to the JPEG 2000 standards - Part 5 - Reference software. This will provide developers with a source of publicly available reference software. Its role is envisaged as similar in concept to that played by the Independent JPEG Group (IJG) in publicising the current [ISO-JPEG-1] standard. 2.2 JPEG 2000 Features Some of the features of JPEG 2000 include: - JPEG 2000 is capable of describing bilevel, grayscale, palette-color, and full-color image data in several color spaces - JPEG 2000 includes a number of compression schemes that allow developers to choose the best space or time tradeoff for their applications - JPEG 2000 is designed to be extensible and to evolve gracefully as new needs arise - JPEG 2000 allows the inclusion of an unlimited amount of private or special-purpose information within the metadata of its file format These are features that JPEG 2000 shares with the definition of TIFF [RFC-TIFF]. In addition, JPEG 20000 offers: - state of the art lossless and lossy compression, based on wavelet technology, within a single codestream - low bit-rate compression performance effective down to below 0.25 bits per pixel for high resolution grey-scale images - large image handling (greater than 64k x 64k pixels) without tiling - single decompression architecture. The current JPEG standard [ISO-JPEG-1] has 44 modes, many of which are application specific and not used by the majority of JPEG decoders. - features to improve transmission in noisy environments, for example mobile radio / telephony - capability to handle both natural and computer generated imagery 3. MIME Definition 3.1 image/jp2 The image/jp2 content-type refers to all of the profiles and extensions that build on the JP2 file format defined in Annex I of the JPEG 2000 standard [ISO-JPEG2000-1]. The recommended file suffix is "jp2" 4. IANA Registration To: ietf-types@iana.org Subject: Registration of Standard MIME media type image/jp2 MIME media type name: image MIME subtype name: jp2 Required parameters: none Optional parameters: none It is up to the implementation to determine the application (if necessary) and render the image to the user. Encoding considerations: Binary or Base-64 generally preferred Security considerations: JPEG 2000 utilizes a structure which can store image data and metadata coresponding to this image data. The fields defined in the JPEG 2000 standards are of a descriptive nature and provide information that may be useful to facilitate viewing, rendering and cataloging of images by a recipient. As such, the fields currently defined in the JPEG 2000 standards do not in themselves create additional security risks, since the fields are not used to induce any particular behavior by the recipient application. It should be noted that selected metadata filed may encompass information partly intended to protect the image against unauthorised use or distribution. In this case alteration or removal of this data may constitute an offence under national agreements based on WIPO treaties. JPEG 2000 has an extensible structure, so that it is theoretically possible that metadata fields could be defined in the future which could be used to induce particular actions on the part of the recipient, thus presenting additional security risks, but this type of capability is currently not supported in the referenced JPEG 2000 specification. Interoperability considerations: The ability of implementations to handle all the defined applications (or profiles within applications) of JPEG 2000 may not be ubiquitous. As a result, implementations may decode and attempt to display the encoded JPEG 2000 image data only to determine that the image cannot be rendered either partially or in full. It is intended to register further mime types to handle the additional capabilities present in [ISO-JPEG2000-2], [ISO-JPEG2000-3], [ISO-JPEG2000-4] and any further parts of the standard that might be created in future. Published specification: JPEG 2000 is define in IS 15444-1 should be published by ISO in 2001. JPEG is ISO/IEC JTC1 SC29/WG1 committee and may be contacted through national standards bodies or organisations having liaison status with either JPEG or its parent committee ISO/IEC JTC1 SC29. Contact details are available from its Web site at http://www.jpeg.org mailto:support@jpeg.org All public documents available relating to the specification and published by JPEG will be made available electronically at that location. Applications which use this media type: Imaging, fax, messaging and multi-media Additional information: Magic number(s): 12 byte string: X'0000 000C 6A50 1A1A 0D0A 870A' File extension(s): .jp2 Macintosh File Type Code(s): jpg2 Person & email address to contact for further information: JPEG Webmaster support@jpeg.org JPEG Convenor convenor@jpeg.org JPEG2000 Editor J2KEditor@jpeg.org Intended usage: COMMON Change controller: JPEG Webmaster 5. Authors' Addresses Richard Clark (Current JPEG Webmaster) Elysium Ltd Milton House Whitehill Road Crowborough East Sussex TN6 1LB UK Tel: 1 892 667411 Fax: 1 892 667433 Internet: richard@elysium.ltd.uk Dr Daniel T Lee (Current JPEG Convenor) Hewlett Packard Company 11000 Wolfe Road, MS 42UO Cupertino, CA 95014, USA Tel: 1 408 447 4160, Fax: 1 408 447 2842 fax Internet: daniel_lee@hp.com Mr. Martin Boliek (Current JPEG 2000 editor) Ricoh Silicon Valley, Inc. 2882 Sand Hill Road, Suite 115 Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA Tel: 1 650 496 5705, Fax: 1 650 854 8740 Internet: boliek@rsv.ricoh.com 6. References [ISO-JPEG2000-1] ITU-T Recommendation T.800 | ISO/IEC 15444-1. International Organization for Standardization, "JPEG 2000 Image Coding System: Core Coding System", Awaiting publication. [ISO-JPEG2000-2] International Organization for Standardization, "JPEG 2000 Image Coding System: Extensions", IS 15444-2, Awaiting publication. [ISO-JPEG2000-3] International Organization for Standardization, "Motion JPEG 2000", IS 15444-3, Awaiting publication. [ISO-JPEG2000-4] International Organization for Standardization, "JPEG 2000 Image Coding System: Conformance Testing", IS 15444-4, Awaiting publication. [ISO-JPEG2000-5] International Organization for Standardization, "JPEG 2000 Image Coding System: Reference Software", IS 15444-5, Awaiting publication. [ISO-JPEG-1] ITU-T Recommendation T.81 | ISO/IEC 10918-1:1994, Information technology - Digital compression and coding of continuous-tone still images: Requirements and guidelines. [ISO-JPEG-2] ITU-T Recommendation T.83 | ISO/IEC 10918-2:1995, Information technology - Digital compression and coding of continuous-tone still images: Compliance testing. [ISO-JPEG-3] ITU-T Recommendation T.84 | ISO/IEC 10918-3:1996, Information technology - Digital compression and coding of continuous-tone still images: Extensions. [ISO-JPEG-4] ITU-T Recommendation T.86 | ISO/IEC 10918-4, Information technology - Digital compression and coding of continuous-tone still images: Registration of JPEG Profiles, SPIFF Profiles, SPIFF Tags, SPIFF colour Spaces, APPn Markers, SPIFF, Compression types and Registration authorities (REGAUT). [JFIF] 'JPEG File Interchange Format', Version 1.02. Published and made freely available by C-Cube Microsystems. Corporate Communications, 1778 McCarthy Blvd., Milpitas, CA 95035 [RFC-TIFF] Parsons, G., Rafferty, J, and Zilles, S, "Tag Image File Format (TIFF) - image/tiff MIME Sub-type Registration [MIME1] Freed, N. and N. Borenstein, "Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) Part One: Format of Internet Message Bodies", RFC 2045, November 1996. Full Copyright Statement Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2000). All Rights Reserved. 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